Dengue fever, a mosquitoborne disease, is associated with illness of varying severity in countries in the tropics and sub tropics. Impact of dengue virus denv coinfection on clinical. Dengue viruses cluster antigenically but not as discrete. Pdf dengue hemorrhagic fever has become a worldwide health issue. The clinical manifestations of dengue occur on a spectrum, ranging from asymptomatic or a mild flulike syndrome known as classic dengue fever df, to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf and the potentially fatal dengue shock syndrome dss. The principal mosquito vector is aedes aegypti, which has a worldwide distribution in tropical and many subtropical areas. The fab molecules were added to virus that was preincubated at 37 degree c. The cocirculation of denv serotypes in endemic regions, and the ability of all 4 denv serotypes to cause disease in humans, has prompted the world health organization to recommend that an effective vaccine should confer immunity to. Viral culture supernatants were obtained from the dengue branch, centers for disease control and. In secondary infections, a gradient of severity has been described for the four serotypes from the most to least severe.
Correlation between dengue virus serotypes in dengue patients and. Occasionally this develops into a potentially lethal complication, called severe dengue. All four denv serotypes have emerged from sylvatic strains in the forests of southeast asia. Dengue and other fever like illnesses including chikungunya and malaria are common in hodeidah, yemen. Background dengue disease is a leading cause of illness and death in the tropics and subtropics. Dengue fever df is caused by four antigenically different serotypes of the dengue virus denv1, denv2, denv3 e denv4. Df is a mosquitoborne viral disease which causes over 50100 million infections every. The recent zika virus zikv outbreak demonstrates that costeffective clinical diagnostics are urgently needed to detect and distinguish viral infections to improve patient care. Envelope and membrane em and nonstructural protein ns1 serotypespecific capture immunoglobulin m igm enzymelinked immunosorbent assays elisas were developed to differentiate four dengue virus serotypes. Detection and serotyping of dengue virus in serum samples by.
Most severe cases occur among patients secondarily infected with a different dengue virus denv serotype compared with that from the first infection, resulting in antibodydependent enhancement activity ade. Cryoem structure of dengue virus serotype 2 nih 3d print. Aug 11, 2016 the cocirculation of 4 denv serotypes in geographically expanding area, has resulted in increasing occurrence of denv coinfections. Recovery from infection is believed to provide lifelong immunity against that serotype.
Dengue cases continue to be detected more frequently and its geographic range continues to expand. The virus responsible for causing dengue, is called dengue virus denv. All four denv serotypes are prevalent in the sub tropical regions of the world and infect 50100 million individuals. It is caused by one of four distinct serotypes dengue 14. Mboera3, sima rugarabamu1,3,4, julius 7 lutwama5, calvin sindato3,6, janusz t. Dengue virus denv is a member of the flaviviridae family and infection is characterized, in its severe forms, by fever and shock. However, studies assessing the clinical impact of denv coinfections have been scarce and have involved small number of patients. Besides, the four denv serotypes can cocirculate and coinfect individual humans, which appears to be a common feature in some outbreaks 3. Molecular cloning methods have led to a greater understanding of the structure of the rna genome and definition of virusspecific structural and nonstructural proteins. Interference and facilitation between dengue serotypes in a. Infection with one dengue virus serotype provides lifelong immunity to that virus, but there is no crossprotective. Dengue virus serotyping based on envelope and membrane and. Forthe diagnosis of dengue in serum or plasma collected from patients with signs and symptoms consistent with dengue mild or severe during the acute phase.
Viral cultures and rna from viruses and clinical samples. A total of 93 anti dengue virus igmpositive serum samples collected between days 5 and 45 of illness from 59 confirmed dengue patients were analyzed. Summer zhang, kuan rong chan, hwee cheng tan, eng eong ooi. Selective detection of dengue virus serotypes using tandem.
While the first infection with one of the four dengue serotypes is typically nonsevere or asymptomatic, individuals who are subsequently exposed in later years to one of the other serotypes are more likely to develop severe dengue. Pdf cocirculation of dengue virus serotypes 1 and 3 during. Cryoem structure of dengue virus serotype 2 strain new guineac complexed with human antibody 2d22 fab at 37 degree c. Pdf characterization of dengue virus serotype 4 infection in. To investigate the link between fluctuations in the prevalence of dengue virus denv serotypes and the number of dengue cases in the metropolitan area of bucaramanga, santander state, colombia, in the 20072010 and 20142017 periods. Rapid antigen tests for dengue virus serotypes and zika virus. Diversity of dengue virus serotype in endemic region of south. Differences in the transmission of dengue fever by different. Among these, the twostep nested rtpcr approach is routinely practiced in almost all laboratories worldwide. It is a mosquitoborne, single positivestranded rna virus of the family flaviviridae. We report the largest documented laboratory confirmed circulation of dengue virus in parts of kenya since 1982. Four distinct serotypes of the dengue virus dengue1, dengue2, dengue3, and dengue4 exist, with numerous virus strains found worldwide. Dengue outbreak associated with multiple serotypes puerto. Generation and characterization of cross neutralizing.
Department of health and human services centers for. This same study identified 47 strains of dengue virus. Dengue virus recombinant denv ns1 proteins, antibodies. Thus, a person can be infected as many as four times, once with each serotype. The prevalence of dengue virus serotypes in asymptomatic.
Dengue virus is transmitted by female mosquitoes mainly of the. The dengue viruses, of which four serotypes are known dv1, 2, 3, and 4, are the most widespread arthropodborne viruses arboviruses. Dengue viruses are transmitted from person to person by aedes mosquitoes most often aedes aegypti in the domestic environment. Jun 14, 2017 serotyping dengue viruses using laboratory materials. The denv4 sequences form a separate clade at the bottom with two subclades. Unlike dengue virus denv, zikv infections during pregnancy correlate with severe birth defects, including microcephaly and neurological disorders. Dengue virus denv is the most important causative agent of arthropodborne viral disease in the tropical and subtropical regions of. Dengue virus igm serotyping by elisa with recombinant mutant. The sequence of the infecting viruses is also associated with severity. Air travel is associated with intracontinental spread of dengue virus serotypes in brazil marcio r. Medical experts and state health officials analysing dengue situation in the state have opined that with all four dengue virus serotypes circulating among gujarat population, delays in. The overall scheme for the sample processing and sequencing analysis of a dengue virus is shown in fig.
Dengue, dengue fever df, dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf, dengue shock syndrome dss s new who classification categorizes dengue into dengue, with and without warning signs, and severe. Rapid detection and differentiation of dengue virus serotypes. The serotypes of dengue virus in endemic areas of makassar, gowa, and maros were denv2 and denv4 and no denv1 and denv3 serotypes were found. Here, denv rnatriggered, enzymefree tandem toeholdmediated displacement. Sep 18, 2015 this finding helps explain why immune responses to dengue are highly variable, and it has complex implications for epidemiology, disease, and vaccine deployment. Heterologous infection by different serotypes may lead to severe forms of dengue. Dengue virus denv is the most common human arboviral infection worldwide and can present with severe clinical manifestations. Dengue virus growth, purification, and fluorescent labeling. Dengue is an acute febrile disease caused by the mosquitoborne dengue viruses denvs, consisting of four serotypes denv 1 to 4, that are members of the flaviviridae family, genus flavivirus. Salgado,5 dewahar senthoor,1 madeline ogrady,1 elizabeth phillips,1. This elisa enables more accurate reporting of epidemiologic findings. This is especially true of the four dengue viruses. This disease is produced by any of the four serotypes of dengue arbovirus. Jan 31, 2020 dengue fever is the most common arbovirus in the world, and all four serotypes are infectious and pathogenic, but dengue virus denv1 and denv2 are the most prevalent in guangdong province.
The pathogenic potential of distinct dengue virus serotypes and genotypes have been investigated. Dengue virus serotypes cocirculation 2 3 cocirculation of dengue virus serotypes 1 and 3 during the 2019 epidemic in 4 dar es salaam, tanzania 5 6 gaspary mwanyika1,2,3, leonard e. This study revealed that serotype diversity among the three dengue fever endemic areas in south sulawesi did occur. Nevertheless, scientists understanding of dengue virus may be simplistic, as rather than distinct antigenic groups, a continuum appears to exist. Free fulltext pdf articles from hundreds of disciplines, all in one place. While many denv infections produce only mild illness, denv can cause an acute flulike illness. Five serotypes of the virus have been found, all of which can cause the full spectrum of disease. This study explores the impact of denv coinfection on clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters. Dengue virus, blood transfusion, multiplex pcr, saudi arabia background dengue fever is a mosquitoborne viral infection caused by one of the four serotypes of dengue virus denv 14 and the majority of infected cases are asymptomatic or only report flulike symptoms even with high viral load 1, 2. Concurrent infections of dengue viruses serotype 2 and 3 in. There are four denv serotypes, meaning that it is possible to be infected four times.
Changing pattern of dengue virus serotypes in thailand. Coexistence of different serotypes of dengue virus article pdf available in journal of mathematical biology 461. Timely denv detection improves clinical outcomes, and identification of the denv serotype denv14 may provide beneficial epidemiologic data to inform the initiation of control measures. The fifth and latest addition to the existing serotypes of dengue viruses is denv5 which has been announced in october 20. Phylogenetic tree in radiation format of all indian dengue virus envelope proteins, the four serotypes are clearly separated with denv1 and denv3 as the two leaves on the top forming a clade along with denv2. Four distinct serotypes of the dengue virus dengue 1, dengue 2, dengue 3, and dengue 4 exist, with numerous virus strains found worldwide. Infection by flaviviruses such as dengue virus serotypes denv 14, japanese encephalitis virus jev, tickborne encephalitis virus tbe, yellow fever virus yfv and west nile virus wnv impact m.
It has been reported that certain serotypes of dengue virus can replace other serotypes. Detection of dengue virus serotypes in patients sera by mrtpcr multiplex rtpcr was able to detect the serotypes in a significantly higher number 31. Dengue fever is the most prevalent arboviral infection worldwide, with up to 40%. Improved detection of dengue virus serotypes from serum. Serotyping dengue virus with isothermal amplification and a. Pdf coexistence of different serotypes of dengue virus. Mar 02, 2020 dengue is caused by a virus of the flaviviridae family and there are four distinct, but closely related, serotypes of the virus that cause dengue denv1, denv2, denv3 and denv4. Dengue is caused by a rna virus of the family flaviviridae, which presents four serotypes denv1 to denv4 capable of.
These four viruses are called serotypes because each. Dengue serotypespecific differences in clinical manifestation. Aug 01, 2011 there is a recognized need for dengue virus denv vaccines 1, 2, but development has been hampered by unique aspects of dengue epidemiology and biology. To determine the causes of viral meningitis, we analyzed 22 cerebrospinal fluid samples collected during the 20142015 dengue epidemics in brazil. Each serotype produces permanent immunity to it, but only a certain. Comparative study of envelope proteins of dengue virus of all. The dengue virus has 4 related but antigenically distinct serotypes. We identified 3 serotypes of dengue virus denv1, 2, and 3, as well as coinfection with 2 or 3 serotypes. Dengue virus denv 14 represents a major emerging arthropodborne pathogen. Dengue infections are caused by four closely related viruses named den1, den2, den3, and den4. Apr 01, 2007 dengue fever df is a vectorborne disease caused by 4 closely related dengue viruses denv 14 1, 2. Detection of dengue virus serotypes 1, 2 and 3 in selected regions of kenya.
We formulate a nonlinear system of differential equations that models the dynamics of dengue fever. To investigate the differences in serotypes, we evaluated the replication, pathogenicity, and ns1 expression of denv2 and denv3 in cells, and further. To describe the clinical manifestation of patient with severe dengue, to identify the serotypes and genotypes of dengue viruses denv which concurrently infecting the patient, and to explore the possible relationship of severe dengue with the concurrent infection of denv. Dengue is an acute viral disease caused by any of the four dengue virus serotypes den1, den2, den3, and den4. Molecular cloning methods have led to a greater understanding of the structure of the rna genome and definition of virus specific structural and nonstructural proteins. Dengue outbreak associated with multiple serotypes puerto rico, 1998. Dengue and severe dengue world health organization. Meningitis associated with simultaneous infection by multiple. Air travel is associated with intracontinental spread of. Evolution and heterogeneity of multiple serotypes of. Detection of dengue virus serotypes 1, 2 and 3 in selected.
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